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Primary and Coin Lithium Battery Primer

An attempt to explain the mysteries of the many non-rechargeable and coin cell lithium battery technologies from a designer's point of view.

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Lithium Button Cells, Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Rechargeable Lithium Coin Cells   Cylindrical Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Primary Lithium Cells Primary Lithium Cells LiSOCl2 or Lithium Thionyl Chloride   Primary Lithium Sulfur Dioxide Li/SO2 Cells Prismatic Lithium Ion Rechargeable Cells

CR series Primary Lithium MnO2 Coin Cells Primary Lithium Manganese Button Cells

Lithium Ion Rechargeable Coin Cells Rechargeable Lithium Ion Coin Cells

 

CR series Primary Lithium MnO2 Cylindrical Cells Primary Lithium Manganese Dioxide Cells

ER series Primary Lithium Thionyl Chloride Cells Primary Lithium Thionyl Cells

WR series Primary Lithum SO2 Cells Primary Lithium Sulfur Dioxide Cells

Rechargeable Prismatic Lithium Ion Cells

Primary lithium cells are not rechargeable. For this reason they don't have to put up with all the design constraints that rechargeable lithium cells do, meaning that they have more capacity, lower self-discharge rates, and often different voltages. Primary lithium batteries can operate over a wide extreme of temperature ranges, as low as -55°C and as high as +125°C (-67°F to +257°F).

Due to the organic liquids that need to be used for electrolytes primary lithium batteries typically have high internal impedance, limiting their maximum current to surprisingly low values.
Chemistry Density
Wh/liter		 Nominal
Voltage		 Maximum
Voltage		 Minimum
Voltage		 Capacity
Range		 Operating
Temperature		 Pulse
Current		 Steady Current Service
Life		 Storage
Life		 Self Discharge Available
Packaging
Coin
Fluorinated Carbon (BR type) (CF)xLi		   3 V     48 - 1000 mAH -40 to 125°C 4-10 mA 0.03 mA     5 years Coin
Cylindrical
Fluorinated Carbon (BR type)
(CF)xLi		   3 V     1200-5000
mAH		 -40 to
85°C		 250-300
mA		 2.5-5
mA		     5 years Cylindrical
(C, A, 2/3A)
Manganese Dioxide (CR type)
LiMnO2		 650 3 V 2.8 2.7 25-1000
mAH		   5-15 mA 0.1-0.2
mA		       Coin
Manganese Dioxide (CR type)
LiMnO2		 650 3 V 2.8 2.7 250-3000
mAH		 -40 to 70 °C   20-200
mA		     Moderate Camera
Lithium Thionyl Chloride
Li/SOCl2		 1420 3.6 V 3.5 3.3   -55°C to +85 C         Moderate  
Lithium Iron Sulfide
Li/FeS		 370 1.5 V 1.4 1.2                
Vanadium Pentoxide (rechargable coin cells) 3 3.3 2.5 1.5-100 mAH     0.01-0.2
mA		       Coin
Lithium Sulfur Dioxide
LiSO2		 440 3.0 2.9 2.7   -55°C to +70 C       10 years    
Manganese Dioxide (rechargable coin cells) 3     2.6-45
mAH		     0.01-0.1
mAH		       Coin
Niobium-
Titanium (rechargable coin cells)		 2     4 mAH     0.01
mAH		       Coin
Lithium Iodine
LiI2		             microamps       Implantable
packages
Lithium-Iron 1.5 V                    
Lithium Silver Vanadium Oxide             500 to 2000 mA       Implantable packages
                     
                     


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  • Choosing a lithium battery
  • Lithium Battery Selection Guide
  • How to choose a lithium battery.
  • Lithium cells FAQ
  • Primary lithium battery primer
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